The regions of Brazil.
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Tours. Luxury Brazil Tours & Luxury Brazil Travel.
NorthernNortheasternCentral WesternSoutheasternSouthern
The
Brazil Discovery Collection: Classic Brazilian Journeys
Rare and endangered
Red Uakari Monkey (Cacajao calvus), Northern Brazil.
Photo: Mylene d'Auriol Stoessel. Luxury Brazil Tours & Luxury Brazil Travel.
Northern Brazil
The North or Amazonia is the largest
region of Brazil and perhaps the most internationally famous.
The Amazon is also the largest area of tropical rainforest in
the world, having become a worldwide synonym of biodiversity.
However, in relation to the rest of the country, it is sparsely
populated and includes vast areas that are virtually inaccessible,
despite countless attempts at taming the jungle through agriculture,
industrial development and farming. Now the Amazon is discovering
its ultimate vocation as one of the world's most exotic travel
destinations.
Northeast coast, Northeastern Brazil.
Photo: Mylene
d'Auriol Stoessel. Luxury Brazil Tours & Luxury Brazil Travel.
Northeastern Brazil
The Northeast region, with an area of
1,556,001 km2 (18% of the total area of Brazil) and nearly 45
million inhabitants, is divided into nine states: Bahia, Sergipe,
Alagoas, Pernambuco (including the Archipelago of Fernando de
Noronha), Paraíba, Rio Grande do Norte, Ceará,
Piauí and Maranhão. The Northeast was once the
economic heart of colonial Brazil, with Salvador as its capital
and the captaincy of Pernambuco, with its white gold (sugar),
as the most developed and richest province. Today the colonial
architecture, a silent testimony to great wealth, still stands
as an impressive monument to artistry and craftsmanship. The
racial mix in the Northeast makes for a startling contrast to
the predominantly white, European ancestry of the South. Centuries-old
traditions have kept the folklore and art of the region alive
from generation to generation.
The coastline of the Northeast stretches
for thousands of kilometres from the south of Bahia to the northeast
of Maranhão and boasts the most beautiful beaches in Brazil.
Where the blue-green ocean water seems limitless and the sunshine
eternal, some fantastic beach hotels and resorts can be found,
whilst the adventure traveller has no problem discovering wild
and unspoilt beaches such as Jeriocoacoara in the state of Ceará
and Lençóis Maranhenses (a National Park) in the
state of Maranhão. The sparsely populated interior guards
natural monuments that will amaze even the most experienced traveller,
such as the uplands of Chapada Diamantina in the interior of
Bahia, the National parks of Ubajara and Sete Cidades and the
backlands of Pernambuco. 345 kilometres off the Northeast coast
there is also the archipelago of Fernando de Noronha, comprising
21 volcanic islands created over 10 million years ago.
The Pantanal, Central Western Brazil.
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Tours. Luxury Brazil Tours & Luxury Brazil Travel.
Central Western Brazil
The Central West region comprises of
the states of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Goiás and
the Federal District of Brasilia. The area is especially known
for the Pantanal.
The Pantanal, a vast wetland area in
western Brazil, which cuts across the states of Mato Grosso and
Mato Grosso do Sul (as well as western Brazil and northeastern
Paraguay) is one of the world's great wildlife reserves. Because
of the veldt-like open land, it is also the best place to see
wildlife in Brazil. 650 species of birds, among which are storks
(including the stately tuiuiu or jabiru stork), egrets, herons,
coots, ducks and ibises, can be observed in the region. Animal
life is represented by, among others, sunbathing alligators,
deer, otters, emus, boa constrictors and monkeys. All these can
be seen by visitors with only a few hours to spare in the Pantanal.
Cuiabá, founded in 1719 by a group of slave-hunters, now
the capital of Mato Grosso, is the major gateway to the Pantanal.
135 km from Cuiabá, penetrating deep into the Pantanal
starts the Transpantaneira Highway, a 150 km road, elevated 2-3
meters above the flooded plains, which starts right after the
village of Poconé and ends at Porto Jofre. Other gateways
to the Pantanal are Campo Grande and Corumbá. There are
two distinct seasons: the rainy season from December to March,
when most of the area floods, and the dry season (July to October),
the nesting and breeding season. The climate is humid tropical
with temperatures between 7ºC (in the coldest months: June
and July) and 40ºC (in summer: December to February). The
average temperature is 24ºC.
A visit to the North Pantanal (starting
in Cuiabá) can easily be combined with a visit to the
Chapada dos Guimarães. These tablelands, located only
65 km from Cuiabá and about 800 meters above sea level,
are considered one of the oldest plateaus on earth. Home to the
newly established national park with magnificent rock sculptures,
caves and waterfalls, it overlooks the Paraguay river and the
Pantanal floodplains. Highlights of a visit to the Chapada dos
Guimarães are the Véu da Noiva (bride's veil) waterfall,
the lookout of the Geodesic Center of South-America and the Andorinhas
Falls.
When visiting the South Pantanal (starting
in Campo Grande), it is only a short but very worthwhile trip
to the village of Bonito in the Serra do Bodoquena, a famous
center for adventure and eco-tourism. The Bodoquena Hills, which
are very rich in limestone, granite, marble and minerals, offer
excellent possibilities for horse-riding, rafting, swimming in
crystal clear rivers, mountain-biking, trekking, potholing, snorkeling,
fishing, rock climbing and even cavern-diving. Highlights of
a visit are the Gruta do Lago Azul (Blue Lake Cavern) and snorkeling
down the Sucuri river.
Sugarloaf, Rio de Janeiro, Southeastern Brazil.
Photo:
Mylene d'Auriol Stoessel. Luxury Brazil Tours & Luxury Brazil Travel.
Southeastern Brazil
Although not the first region to be
colonised, since the 16th century the Southeast has been the
economic hub of Brazil, centred first on Rio de Janeiro and subsequently
on the industrial and commercial megalopolis of São Paulo,
one of the world's most populated cities. The inland state of
Minas Gerais, Brazil's leading dairy farming region, and the
coastal state of Espírito Santo complete the region. Rio
lost its status as the nation's capital in 1960, but the Southeast's
supremacy in economic and cultural terms remains unchallenged.
The cradle of the Brazilian empire, independence, and republic,
Rio de Janeiro's immense historical wealth in fine buildings,
palaces, theatres and museums complements her natural splendour.
Ascending the Serra do Mar mountain range reveals that the interior
of Rio de Janeiro State is also rich in history and nature. The
summer residence of the former Brazilian Emperor and his family
gave birth to the charming towns of Petrópolis and Teresópolis,
whilst the Paraíba Valley saw the country's first coffee
plantations. Boasting some of the highest peaks in Brazil, Itatiaia
is Brazil's oldest National Park. Returning to the coast once
again, the atmosphere of colonial Brazil can still be felt in
the town of Paraty, an 18th century gold and diamond port whose
subsequent isolation has preserved architectural beauty worthy
of World Heritage Monument status.
Minas Gerais, the fifth largest state
in Brazil, hosts a collection of early eighteenth-century towns,
the Cidades Históricas with among others Ouro Preto, Mariana,
Congonhas, São João del Rei and Tiradentes. Originally
mining camps, the gold rush quickly transformed these towns into
treasure houses, not only of gold, but -- more permanently -- of
fine Baroque art and architecture. Elegant colonial churches,
steep cobblestone streets, ornate mansions and even the historical
atmosphere have all been preserved to make the cities one of
the most impressive colonial legacies of the Americas.
Iguazu Falls, Southern Brazil.
Photo: Mylene d'Auriol Stoessel. Luxury Brazil Tours & Luxury Brazil Travel.
Southern Brazil
The states of Paraná, Santa Catarina
and Rio Grande do Sul make up the most European region of Brazil,
having been colonised largely by Germans, Italians and immigrants
from Eastern Europe, many of whose traditions have been preserved,
along with the influences of the Spanish colonisation of the
nearby countries of Uruguay, Paraguay and Argentina. One of the
world's most impressive nature monuments is located at the meeting
point of Brazil, Argentina and Paraguay: the Iguaçu Falls.
Iguaçu means "Great River" in the indigenous
Guarani language and there could hardly be a more fitting name.
After rising in the Brazilian highlands near Curitiba, the Iguaçu
river runs westward on a 1,100 km journey, receiving some 30
tributaries on its course to the plateau where, just before merging
with the great Paraná river, it falls thunderously over
an 80m-high cliff in virgin forest. Set in a National Park of
the same name, the Iguaçu falls are the most spectacular
in South America. A total of 275 falls cascade over a precipice
that is 3km wide, sending up an endless wall of spray laced with
rainbows. At the heart of this unforgettable scene is the Devil's
Throat, where 14 separate falls join forces.
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